1/10/2024 0 Comments Snake escape from grant park zooThe method appeared suitable for seven mammal species and all seven lizard species, although survival after release remains to be determined. We injected ultraviolet (UV) fluorescent tattoo ink subcutaneously into the tail of eight small mammal species and into the ventral area of seven lizard species. In view of cost, practicality and ethical issues associated with many methods, we aimed to develop a suitable method for marking small wild vertebrates. Marking animals for identification is necessary in many aspects of wildlife research. long-term crocodile collection planning, and provide recommendations for population management such as considering a shift from very commonly kept species towards species that are in greater need of conservation support through zoo husbandry efforts. We further discuss the importance of “Regional Collection Plans”, viz. Although ZIMS data is not complete, there is a trend discernible that only a few species are widely kept by the zoo community, whereas most species are represented in smaller numbers. In addition we have opposed ZIMS data with information available from European studbooks and, based on literature evaluation, analyzed the development of crocodile collections in Europe during the last 40 years. Of the 27 currently recognized species of crocodiles, one (Mecistops sp.) is not held in zoos at present. Two globally-kept species were lacking in European zoo holdings according to ZIMS. Our analysis performed from June to July 2016 revealed that there were 24 species of crocodiles kept globally in 451 zoos, with 22 species kept in 185 European zoos. To gain an overview of crocodile species held in zoos, the number of individuals kept, and the number of keeping institutions, we analyzed collection information from the Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS) database. Based on these findings, recommendations to authorities include (1) close monitoring and taking action on illegal wildlife traders offering animals for sale online, (2) putting in place a more robust regulatory and verification process to prevent wildlife laundering in the country, and (3) enhancing vigilance to intercept the illegal import and export of wildlife. Exported non-native species did not have a legal source based on CITES trade data, while some of the endemic species were suspected to be wild-caught and fraudulently declared as captive bred to obtain CITES export permits. CITES trade data showed that the Philippines imported 671 live individuals of 20 species from at least 20 countries and exported 144 live individuals of nine species during the period of 1989-2018. komodoensis (n = 1) was the most expensive at $16,667 USD. Varanus marmoratus (n = 266) was the most commonly-traded and least expensive species ($8-29 USD), while CITES Appendix-I listed V. A total of 541 individuals representing 13 species were documented for sale from September 2017 to February 2020. We conducted a 30-month online study and reviewed 30 years (1989-2018) of CITES trade data to determine the dynamics of the live monitor lizard trade in the Philippines. Eleven endemic species are currently recognized in the Philippines, including the only three known frugivorous monitor species in the world. Monitor lizards (genus Varanus) are utilized for their skin, meat and parts, or as pets.
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